Photo byRod LongonUnsplash

West Virginia faces significant demographic challenges, impacting its economy, education system, and commercial landscape. Employers struggle to find workers, colleges seek more students, and merchants yearn for more customers. Despite some efforts to attract new residents, recent Census Bureau data from 2020 to 2022 reveals a continuing decline and aging of the population.

Population Decline

Between 2020 and 2022, West Virginia's population decreased by nearly 19,000, bringing the total to 1,775,156. This decline follows a long-term trend since the population peaked at two million in 1950. Over the past seven decades, the state has gradually seen its numbers wane, presenting a daunting challenge for its future.

Aging Population

West Virginia's median age remains just under 43 years, one of the highest in the country. The number of residents aged 70-74 increased by 6,661, reaching 71,411—the most significant growth among all demographic categories. One in five West Virginians is now 65 or older, emphasizing the state's rapidly aging population.

Working Age Population

The prime working age group, 25-64, saw a decrease of over 21,000 people, bringing the total to 887,500. This reduction has severe implications for the state's labor market, as fewer individuals are available to fill crucial roles in various industries.

However, there is a silver lining. The number of West Virginians aged 30-34 increased by 4,183, totaling 108,130. This age group represents a potential source of stability and growth in the workforce.

Youth Population

The number of West Virginians under 18 decreased by 7,576, totaling 351,922. This decline highlights a concerning trend: there are not enough young people in the pipeline to support future growth. Additionally, the number of children under five dropped by 2,480, bringing the total to 87,997. Although this figure cannot be directly linked to the birth rate, it is indicative of the broader demographic challenges facing the state.

Addressing the Challenges

1. Attracting New Residents

Programs like Ascend WV aim to counteract population decline by paying professionals to relocate to West Virginia. These initiatives provide incentives for remote workers and entrepreneurs to move to the state, potentially bringing in new talent and revitalizing local communities.

2. Supporting Families and Young People

Investing in education, childcare, and family-friendly policies can help attract and retain younger residents. Ensuring that West Virginia is an attractive place to live, work, and raise a family is crucial for reversing the current trends.

3. Enhancing Workforce Development

Providing training and development opportunities for the existing workforce, particularly for those in the 30-34 age group, can help fill the gap left by the declining number of workers in the 25-64 age range. Focusing on sectors with high growth potential can also create new job opportunities and stimulate economic growth.

4. Promoting Healthy Aging

With a significant portion of the population being 65 or older, West Virginia must prioritize healthcare, social services, and community engagement for its senior residents. Ensuring that older adults can live healthy, active, and fulfilling lives is essential for maintaining social cohesion and reducing the strain on public services.

Conclusion

West Virginia's demographic issues are complex and multifaceted, requiring a comprehensive approach to address the decline and aging of its population. By attracting new residents, supporting families and young people, enhancing workforce development, and promoting healthy aging, the state can navigate these challenges and work towards a more prosperous future.