Kudzu BugPhoto byWikimedia Commons: CharlesLam – Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.0 Generic license

In a world where global travel and trade are more common than ever, the introduction of invasive species has become an unavoidable reality. While these species may arrive by accident, their impact on local ecosystems can be devastating, threatening native plants, animals, and even entire industries. West Virginia is no stranger to this issue, with several invasive insect species now calling the state home. However, there are still some species that can be stopped before they become established, thanks to the efforts of the West Virginia Department of Agriculture (WVDA).

Kudzu Bug: An Unwanted Guest

First detected in the United States in 2009, the Kudzu Bug has recently made its way to West Virginia, with the first sighting in Kanawha County in 2022. Native to Asia, this bug primarily feeds on legumes, including soybeans and kudzu, the latter being an invasive plant species itself. While it might seem like a good thing that the Kudzu Bug helps control kudzu growth, it also poses a serious threat to soybean crops, which are vital to the agricultural economy in many states.

If you encounter a Kudzu Bug near your home, it's important to remove it carefully. These bugs release a foul odor when crushed and can stain surfaces and irritate skin. One effective removal method is to vacuum them up with a hose attachment, then submerge the vacuum bag in hot, soapy water or place it in the freezer to kill the bugs.

Spotted Lanternfly: A Persistent Pest

Another invasive species from Asia, the Spotted Lanternfly, was first detected in West Virginia in 2019. Since then, it has spread to six counties: Berkeley, Mineral, Jefferson, Hampshire, Morgan, and Brooke. This bug is particularly concerning due to its appetite for a wide variety of plants, including grapes, apples, hops, and even walnut trees. The damage caused by Spotted Lanternflies can be extensive, affecting both commercial agriculture and natural ecosystems.

If you spot a Spotted Lanternfly or its egg masses, the USDA recommends that you kill them immediately. You can also report sightings to the WVDA to help track and control the spread of this invasive insect.

Asian Long-horned Beetle: A Looming Threat

Although the Asian Long-horned Beetle has not yet been found in West Virginia, it poses a significant risk to the state’s hardwood trees. This beetle, native to Asia, has already been detected in Massachusetts, New York, Ohio, and South Carolina. It is known to burrow through various trees, including elm, birch, maples, and willows, which can eventually kill the tree.

Signs of an infestation include excessive sawdust at the base of trees, perfectly round exit holes about the size of a pencil, and yellowing or drooping leaves. The WVDA is closely monitoring this species, and if you suspect you’ve found one, it’s crucial to report it immediately to prevent its spread.

Imported Fire Ants: A Dangerous Intruder

Another invasive species that has yet to make its way into West Virginia is the Imported Fire Ant. However, with sightings in nearby states like Virginia and North Carolina, it's only a matter of time before they reach the Mountain State. These ants are known for their aggressive behavior and painful stings, which can be dangerous to both people and animals.

Imported Fire Ants pose a threat not only to crops like corn, soybeans, and okra but also to native ant species that many animals rely on for food. They respond aggressively to disturbances and can cause painful, itchy blisters with their stings. Farmers and field workers are particularly at risk from these ants, making it essential to report any sightings to the WVDA.

How You Can Help

If you suspect you've encountered any of these invasive species, the WVDA encourages you to take action. You can send a picture of the insect, a brief description of any visible damage to plants or trees, and the location of your sighting to bugbusters@wvda.us. By staying vigilant and reporting these pests, we can work together to protect West Virginia’s ecosystems from the harmful effects of invasive species.

In a globalized world, the fight against invasive species is ongoing, but with the right efforts and awareness, we can help preserve the natural beauty and agricultural health of West Virginia for future generations.