Intrinsic Value of Dewclaws: Weighing Benefits and Risks

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Dewclaws: Why They Are Important and Why Some Breeders Remove Them

Dewclaws, the small, often overlooked "thumb" on a dog’s front legs, play a crucial role in a dog's anatomy and mobility. However, many dog breeders routinely remove these dewclaws in puppies just days after birth, often without fully understanding their function or necessity. This practice, though common, raises questions about whether it's in the best interest of the dogs.

Understanding Dewclaws

Dewclaws are essentially the fifth digit on a dog's paw, similar to a human's thumb. While they don't usually make contact with the ground when a dog is standing or walking, they serve several important functions. Dewclaws are attached by bone and ligaments to the dog's front legs, providing stability and support when a dog is running, turning quickly, or climbing. These claws help prevent excessive twisting of the legs and offer extra traction on slippery surfaces, such as ice or wet ground​(American Kennel Club).

For active dogs, particularly those involved in sports like agility or hunting, dewclaws can be especially beneficial. During high-speed activities, dewclaws provide additional grip and stability, which is crucial for making sharp turns or sudden stops​(Rover.com). Additionally, dewclaws can act like mini ice picks to help a dog pull itself out of water or up a steep incline, offering significant advantages in certain terrains​(Rover.com,Dogster).

The Debate Over Dewclaw Removal

Despite their benefits, dewclaws are often removed by breeders. The reasons for this practice vary but typically include concerns over potential injury, a desire for a cleaner leg appearance in show dogs, and the belief that dewclaws are a vestigial structure without significant purpose​(MCINTYRE REHABILITATION). Some breeders also fear that new owners might neglect dewclaw maintenance, leading to overgrowth, injury, or infections​(MCINTYRE REHABILITATION).

However, the removal of dewclaws is not without its downsides. Because they are connected to the dog’s musculoskeletal system, removing dewclaws involves severing bones and tendons, which can cause pain and affect the dog's balance and agility. Moreover, some veterinarians argue that this procedure should be considered a surgical amputation and only performed when medically necessary, such as in cases of severe injury or disease​(animalgator.com,MCINTYRE REHABILITATION).

Are Dewclaws Prone to Injury?

One of the most common arguments for removing dewclaws is the risk of injury. It's true that dewclaws, particularly those that are not regularly trimmed, can snag on objects, tear, or become ingrown. However, research suggests that well-maintained dewclaws are less prone to injury than previously thought. Regular trimming and proper care can minimize these risks, making dewclaw injuries quite rare in well-cared-for dogs​(Dogster).

In fact, some breeds, like the Great Pyrenees or Briard, have double dewclaws on their hind legs that are even more integral to their function. For these breeds, dewclaws provide significant stability and are part of the breed standard. Removing them would not only diminish their agility and balance but also disqualify them from certain show competitions​(American Kennel Club,animalgator.com).

Making an Informed Decision

Before deciding to remove a dog's dewclaws, it is essential to weigh the potential benefits against the risks. While some dogs may never use their dewclaws to their full potential, others rely on them daily for various tasks, from basic mobility to more advanced activities like agility or hunting. Owners and breeders should consider these factors and consult with veterinarians to make the best choice for their individual dog’s needs​(MCINTYRE REHABILITATION).

Ultimately, dewclaws are more than just a cosmetic feature or a potential risk—they are a functional part of a dog's anatomy. Proper education about their care and significance can prevent unnecessary removal and help maintain a dog's overall well-being and performance.