Internet Addiction in Teens May Lead to Lasting Brain and Behavioural Changes

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A study by UCL researchers has found that adolescents with internet addiction exhibit significant changes in brain activity, potentially leading to further addictive behaviours. Published in PLOS Mental Health, the study reviewed 12 articles involving 237 adolescents aged 10-19 diagnosed with internet addiction between 2013 and 2023.

Internet addiction is characterized by an inability to resist excessive internet use, which negatively affects psychological well-being and various aspects of life, including social, academic, and professional areas. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the researchers assessed the brain connectivity of affected adolescents during rest and task performance. They observed changes in multiple neural networks: increased and decreased activity in the default mode network (associated with rest) and decreased connectivity in the executive control network (related to active thinking).

These brain changes are linked to addictive behaviours and alterations in intellectual ability, physical coordination, mental health, and development. Adolescents with internet addiction may face challenges such as difficulties in maintaining relationships, dishonesty about online activity, irregular eating, and disrupted sleep. The study highlights the growing global issue of internet addiction, exacerbated by the increased accessibility of smartphones and laptops.

Previous research indicates high levels of internet use in the UK, with many reporting adverse effects on their lives. The study suggests that managing internet usage and understanding its psychological and social impacts are crucial. Recommendations include setting time limits for internet use, raising awareness of addiction signs among parents, and considering targeted treatments or therapies for those affected.

However, the research is limited by small sample sizes and a lack of diversity, with most studies conducted in Asian countries. Future research should include more diverse populations to improve therapeutic strategies and interventions.