Researchers discover a unique method to develop stretchy auxetic materials

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Auxetics are materials with unique properties that cause them to become more comprehensive and thicker when stretched and narrower and thinner when compressed. These materials exhibit a negative Poisson's ratio, contrary to most materials that show a positive Poisson's ratio. Auxetics has potential applications in various fields, including sneaker insoles, impact-resistant building materials, car bumpers, and clothing.

Researchers from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the University of Chicago have developed a new tool to streamline the design of auxetic materials. Their study, published in NPJ Computational Materials, introduces an algorithm that allows for the precise three-dimensional design of these materials. This "inverse design" algorithm enables users to specify the desired Poisson ratio, and the tool then generates an optimized material structure to achieve these properties.

The tool represents a significant advancement for auxetics, as it facilitates the creation of materials with tailored mechanical behaviours that are not naturally occurring. For instance, auxetic materials could improve impact resistance in products like car bumpers and provide better cushioning in sneaker insoles. They could also enhance comfort in clothing by distributing pressure more evenly across the body, potentially reducing strain on various parts.

The researchers' approach combines theoretical, experimental, and computational science to bring auxetic materials closer to everyday use. They have patented the algorithm and the associated methodology, including its implementation through 3D printing. This development could accelerate the integration of auxetic materials into consumer products and technological applications.