House study committee on navigable streams plans first meeting

ATLANTA -- A special House study committee tasked with determining where Georgians have the right to boat, fish and hunt in Georgia’s streams will hold its first meeting here Thursday.

The House Study Committee on Navigable Streams and Related Matters grew out of a legislative effort to name sections of some 64 streams and rivers in Georgia as “navigable” and thus open to the public for boating, fishing and hunting.

HB 1397, introduced in the most recent legislative session, was highly controversial and criticized by both river user groups and property owners. It never made it out of committee. Instead, legislators created a study committee to investigate the issue further.

The study committee will examine aspects of navigable streams in this state and the issues surrounding their ownership, private and public rights of use and other related matters and may make recommendations for proposed legislation ahead of the 2025 legislative session. The first meeting is set for Thursday at 9 a.m. in Room 606 of the Coverdell Legislative Office Building in Atlanta.

Current state law guarantees the public’s right to access all of the state’s navigable streams, but the state’s definition of “navigable” dates back to 1863 when steamboats and cotton barges were the most common vessels seen on the state’s rivers. That 1863 definition asserts that for a stream to be navigable it must be capable of floating a boat loaded with freight.

Whether a stream is deemed “navigable” has far-reaching implications because of the state’s property laws. Along navigable streams, property lines end at the low water mark along the bank, but state law provides that landowners along non-navigable streams own the streambed to the center line.

In the 1990s, the Georgia Supreme Court ruled in two separate cases that a landowner possessing both sides of a stream can restrict the public from passing down that stream. To date, those decisions on Ichawaynochaway Creek in southwest Georgia and Armuchee Creek in northwest Georgia represent the only two instances where the courts or the state legislature has deemed a stream “non-navigable” in the modern era. No previous legislature or court ruling has definitively determined what streams in Georgia were navigable and non-navigable.

The Freedom to Float Coalition, which includes American Whitewater, Georgia Canoeing Association, American Canoe Association, Georgia River Network and the Tennessee Valley Canoe Club, is urging lawmakers to preserve existing recreational river uses and protect the public’s ability to float down even the state’s small streams that never floated steamboats or cotton barges in 1863.

In 2020, boating and fishing were responsible for more than $1 billion in economic activity in Georgia. The state’s rivers and streams support some 70 canoe/kayak/tube outfitter businesses and countless fishing guides along with businesses ranging from convenience stores to hotels