US says 51 million air bag inflators pose safety risks despite automaker objections

By David Shepardson

WASHINGTON (Reuters) -The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said Wednesday it still believes 51 million air bag inflators in 49 million U.S. vehicles assembled by 13 automakers pose serious safety risks despite objections from the auto sector.

The issue has been linked to one U.S fatality and seven injuries following an eight-year government investigation. If the recall proceeds, it would be the second-largest in U.S. history.

NHTSA argued at a hearing in October that inflators produced by the two air bag manufacturers, ARC Automotive and Delphi Automotive, should be recalled because they may rupture and send metal fragments flying. After automakers raised objections in December, the agency did not immediately finalize its decision.

The agency said Wednesday it was reiterating and updating its initial determination first issued in September and giving automakers another 30 days to respond before it could formally demand recalls.

"Common sense demands acknowledging that metal shrapnel projecting at high speeds and causing injury or death presents an unreasonable risk to safety," NHTSA said.

Major automakers including General Motors, Toyota Motor and Volkswagen and the two air bag makers in December said they opposed NHTSA's bid to seek recalls.

Automakers and a major trade group did not immediately comment Wednesday.

Reuters reported in October that at least 20 million GM vehicles could be affected, while Stellantis has 4.9 million vehicles with inflators at issue and has reported just one rupture, in 2009.

Automakers and manufacturers said the risks from the issue were exceedingly small, questioning the agency's analysis and rationale for seeking a recall.

The inflators in question had been used in vehicles produced from 2000 through early 2018 by 13 automakers including Jaguar Land Rover. Ford, Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Hyundai, Kia and Porsche also oppose a mandatory recall.

NHTSA first called for a voluntary recall in May 2023, but ARC rejected it.

GM, which in May 2023 recalled 1 million ARC inflators after a rupture resulted in facial injuries to a driver, said in December a recall would affect "as much as 15% of the over 300 million registered motor vehicles in the United States."

Delphi Automotive, part of Autoliv, manufactured approximately 11 million of the inflators through 2004 under a licensing agreement with ARC, which manufactured the remaining 40 million.

(Reporting by David Shepardson; editing by Diane Craft)