Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most frequent complications of cardiac surgery and the cause is complex. Renal hypoperfusion from decreased glomerular filtration rate after cardiopulmonary bypass is a major contributor. 1 This in combination with exogenous toxins, endogenous metabolites, oxidative stress, bleeding and reperfusion injury can all...

The PROTECTION Trial – A Randomized Trial of Intravenous Amino Acids for Kidney Protection

Long-acting injectable cabotegravir (CAB-LA) was safe and well tolerated as HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) before and during pregnancy in the follow-up phase of a global study among cisgender women. The analysis of outcomes from more than 300 pregnancies and infants will be presented at the 2024 International AIDS Conference (AIDS 2024) in Munich, Germany.

Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir for HIV Prevention is Safe in Pregnancy

EBT-101, a CRISPR-based gene-editing therapy, was safe and well tolerated in an early study, but it did not prevent viral rebound in the first four participants who interrupted antiretroviral treatment, according to a report at the International AIDS Conference (#AIDS2024) in Munich. One person, however, did see a decline in his HIV reservoir, and viral rebound was delayed for four months.

CRISPR Gene Therapy Does Not Prevent HIV Rebound

Addressing this threat requires the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics specifically targeting evolving H5N1 viruses. In the United States, several H5N1 vaccines, also known as Avian Influenza vaccines, have been developed from earlier HPAI H5N1 strains (A/Vietnam, clade 1, and A/Indonesia, clade 2.1). These vaccines have been licensed and stockpiled for pre-pandemic preparedness. Although, their effectiveness in generating neutralizing antibodies against the currently circulating H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b viruses has not been thoroughly assessed.

Evaluation of US Licensed H5N1 Vaccines Against Current H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Strains

Traditional vaccine approaches have not been able to prevent HIV, but researchers are exploring more sophisticated strategies. One novel approach, known as germline targeting, trains the immune system to produce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) that target parts of the virus that don’t change much as it evolves. Only about 15% of people with HIV produce these bnAbs naturally, but most have rare immature B cells that have the capacity to do so. To overcome HIV’s ability to hide, scientists build immunogens, artificial constructs of viral proteins designed to provoke a robust immune response. A series of different primer and booster immunogens are used in a stepwise manner to encourage maturing B cells to produce bnAbs.

Novel HIV Vaccine Approaches

Mohamed Bassyouni has helped develop vaccines. He also has felt the pernicious effects of vaccine hesitancy, he writes.

Opinion: I’m a vaccine scientist. The devastating impacts of vaccine hesitancy have touched my life too

The US Sun

A SINGLE-dose nasal spray treatment could 'wash away' build ups of toxic proteins associated with Alzheimer’s disease from brain cells and improve memory, scientists say. The study - performed on mice - paves the way for new treatments against Alzheimer's and dementia, researchers at the University of Texas Medical Branch said.

Single-dose nasal spray ‘washes the brain’ of toxic Alzheimer’s proteins – paving the way for breakthrough treatment

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contributor

The Current GA

Since 2020, the condition known as long COVID-19 has become a widespread disability affecting the health and quality of life of millions of people across the globe and costing economies billions of dollars in reduced productivity of employees and an overall drop in the work force .

Expert: Long COVID puzzle pieces are falling into place – picture is unsettling

Interesting Engineering

Patients experienced a significant reduction in pain, improved their quality of life, and even showed signs of cartilage regrowth.

Stem cell shot reverses osteoarthritis, repairs knee cartilage, cuts pain by 58%

An overview of the complex relationships between herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus and HIV. Chronic viral infections from diseases such as between herpes simplex virus (HSV), human papillomavirus (HPV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) can have a serious impact on those with immune systems already compromised by HIV, according to a session held today at the International AIDS Conference in Munich, Germany. The session featured three speakers who discussed each of these diseases.

Chronic Viral Infections Common in Those with HIV | AIDS 2024

ARS Pharmaceuticals (Nasdaq:SRPY) announced that it received FDA approval for its neffy (epinephrine nasal spray) 2 mg for treating of Type I allergic reactions. Approval includes the treatment of anaphylaxis, with the indication covering adults and children who weigh ≥30 kg (66 lbs.). It marks a major innovation in epinephrine delivery as the first and only needle-free treatment option for people with severe allergic reactions. neffy could provide an alternative to the popular EpiPen option that utilizes a needle.

ARS Pharmaceuticals wins first FDA approval for needle-free, nasal epinephrine

The phase 1/2 trial is assessing the safety, tolerability, radiation dosimetry, and preliminary anti-tumor activity of 225Ac-rhPSMA-10.1 in men with mCRPC. Blue Earth Therapeutics has announced an expansion of their manufacturing agreement with Seibersdorf Labor GmbH to include the manufacture of 225Ac-rhPSMA-10.1, which will support a phase 1/2 clinical trial of the investigational radioligand therapy in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC).1.

Collaborations progress clinical trial of 225Ac-rhPSMA-10.1 in mCRPC

Epstein-Barr Virus-specific T cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) showed significant autoreactivity to central nervous system antigens, indicating a potential mechanism for MS-related damage. A new study published in PLOS Pathogens showed that elevated serum Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-specific antibody responses in a group of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) extended beyond...

Broader Immune Dysregulation Associated With Epstein-Barr Virus in Multiple Sclerosis

Two new studies have outlined major new findings in Parkinson's disease genetics. New research reported in the journal Brain has shown that genetic factors could be a far more significant influence on Parkinson's disease than thought. This study included 15,000 participants and was open to individuals who had received any type of Parkinson's diagnosis.

New Findings in Parkinson's Genetics may aid Diagnostics & Treatment

Summary: A new drug, PIPE-307, shows promise in reversing multiple sclerosis (MS) damage by promoting myelin regeneration around nerve cells, potentially restoring movement and function. Developed by researchers, this innovative therapy targets a specific receptor, M1R, and has already demonstrated success in animal models. PIPE-307 is currently in Phase II...

New Multiple Sclerosis Drug Regenerates Myelin, Improves Movement

NeOnc’s nebulizer bypasses the blood-brain barrier to deliver drugs directly to olfactory nerve endings. Although the nebulizer is patient administered, NeOnc is raising awareness among health care providers. Bypassing the blood-brain barrier remains an obstacle for novel therapeutics. Healio spoke to Thomas Chen, MD, PhD, founder and CEO of...

Q&A: ‘Groundbreaking’ intranasal brain cancer treatment bypasses blood-brain barrier

Medical News Today

Researchers are engineering a parasite that spreads through cat feces to deliver therapeutic drugs to the brain. This is because the parasite is able to cross the blood-brain barrier, an important asset when it comes to rendering drug delivery more efficient.

Researchers engineer cat poop parasite to deliver therapeutic drugs to the brain

In the microscopic realm‌ where ‌life thrives in forms unseen by the naked ​eye, an invisible battle⁢ unfolds—a complex tug-of-war ⁣that shapes the destinies of its participants. Among these tiny titans, bacteria stand as ⁢formidable warriors, ‌often pitted against an equally ruthless adversary:⁣ viruses. In this intricate interplay of survival and‌ adaptation, new research emerges, illuminating the clandestine mechanisms underlying viral infections in‌ bacterial⁢ cells. As scientists delve deeper ⁢into the ⁣genetic codes ⁢and biochemical interactions at play, this latest study offers not‌ only a glimpse into the tactics employed by viruses to hijack bacterial machinery, but also the⁤ counterstrikes‌ organized by bacteria in their defense. Together, these insights enhance our understanding of microbial life and‌ its intricate dynamics, revealing a ⁤world where‍ every invasion prompts a visceral response, underscoring the‍ relentless nature⁢ of ⁤life’s evolutionary dance. Join us ⁢as⁣ we explore the intriguing findings that⁣ unravel the mysteries of‍ this microscopic tug-of-war and its implications ​for health, disease, and the broader⁤ ecosystem.

The Tug-of-War Inside Bacteria: New Study Sheds Light on Viral Infection Mechanisms

LiveScience

Bacteria can mutate surprisingly fast to resist antibiotics.

How fast can antibiotic resistance evolve?

Ohio State

The Lantern

On Tuesday, licensed Ohio dispensaries began legally selling non-medical marijuana to consumers; however, the drug’s possession, growth and/or usage are still prohibited on Ohio State’s campus. Credit: Jefferee Woo/Tampa Bay Times/TNS [Original caption: Four citizen-led petitions with proposals to update Dallas’ charter hit the 20,000 valid signature threshold to make it on the Nov. 5 election ballot, including one that would ban police officers from arresting or citing people carrying less than four ounces of marijuana.] As of Tuesday, students 21 and older can now legally purchase marijuana in Ohio.

Dispensary sales of recreational marijuana began Tuesday; possession and usage still prohibited on Ohio State’s campus

NewsBreak

mRNA Capping: A Component That Protects the COVID-19 Vaccine and Lends to its Effectiveness

Kate Broderick, PhD, molecular geneticist, discusses the mRNA capping technology and how it helps create stability to mRNA molecules within vaccines and guides them to cells....

mRNA Capping: A Component That Protects the COVID-19 Vaccine and Lends to its Effectiveness

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