Which cannabis substances are legal and illegal in NC? Here’s how they compare

North Carolina state law allows any cannabis product sourced from hemp with less than a .3% delta-9 THC concentration.Photo byReason Foundation

As in other parts of the U.S., it is illegal to possess, sell, or smoke marijuana in North Carolina. However, there are a few cannabis-based substances that you are allowed to have in the state.

Understanding the differences between legal hemp products and illegal marijuana is essential to navigate the laws and regulations effectively. Here's a breakdown of what is and isn't allowed in North Carolina.

Legal Status

• Marijuana: Illegal to possess, sell, or smoke.
• Hemp: Legal nationwide since the 2018 Farm Bill. In North Carolina, any cannabis product sourced from hemp with less than 0.3% delta-9 THC concentration is allowed.

Hemp vs. Marijuana

• Hemp and Marijuana: Both are cannabis sativa plants. The distinction lies in the levels of cannabinoids.
• Delta-9 THC: The legal threshold for delta-9 THC in North Carolina is 0.3%. Above this level, the product is considered illegal marijuana; below it, it is considered legal hemp.

Legal Substances

CBD (Cannabidiol)

• Properties: Found in marijuana; does not cause a high.
• Products: Available in foods, oils, lotions, capsules, and cosmetics.
• Health Effects: Potential side effects include liver damage, drowsiness, diarrhea, changes in appetite, and mood alterations. Long-term effects are still under research.

THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)

• Properties: Impairing or mind-altering cannabinoid responsible for marijuana's mental effects.
• Types: Delta-9 THC (primary intoxicant), delta-8 THC, and delta-10 THC. Delta-8 and delta-10 are less potent but their legal status depends on THC concentration and whether they are synthetic.
• Products: Found in marijuana, which is commonly smoked, vaped, or consumed as edibles.

Health Considerations

• Marijuana: Contains over 100 cannabinoids, including CBD and THC. Impacts vary based on genetics, drug history, and method of consumption. Potential health risks include lung damage and harmful effects on the brain and body.
• Research: Ongoing to understand the full medical benefits and risks of marijuana.

Understanding these distinctions helps navigate the legal landscape and potential health impacts of cannabis-based products in North Carolina.