Quantum computing advances even more with the new ultra-pure variant of silicone that aids in constructing high-performing qubit devices. In a report published by Communications Materials – Nature, this breakthrough made further strides in bringing scalable quantum computing into reality and is essential in enhancing future quantum technologies.
Understanding Qubits in Quantum Computing
Specifically, quantum computing prefers quantum bits (Qubits) as they can do more than classical bits. Although classical bits can only be in a state of 0 or 1, qubits can operate in a superposition. In other words, qubits can represent both states at the same time, allowing for these quantum computers faster and more complex calculations. To further separate themselves from their classical counterparts, quantum computers can have their states linked or be entangled, which also aids in their quick processes.
Despite these advancements, qubits have more fragility than classical bits and can potentially fall victim to a process called decoherence. This process strips qubits of their quantum state, further hindering scientists from building stable quantum computers. Similar to how logic gates function in classical computers, quantum gates are used in quantum computing to manipulate these qubits. Measuring qubits also has its challenges, as they risk collapsing into a state of either 0 or 1, with their outcome dependent on their initial quantum state.
Challenges in Quantum Computing
Scientists can use quantum error correction techniques to protect the information stored in a single qubit and can manage their fragility. Likewise, they can further explore various systems to create qubits following these techniques. Namely, these physical systems include silicon-based qubits, trapped ions, and superconducting circuits, with each having its challenges and benefits. Furthermore, scientists can choose which qubit technology to use by considering factors such as error rates, ease of manipulation, and overall scalability.
Silicon-Based Quantum Computers
Scalable quantum computing relies mostly on silicon for its semiconductor properties, which aided in classical computing. However, using natural silicon can be risky as it contains various isotopes known for disrupting qubit stability. These isotopes have varying masses such as Si-28, Si-29, and Si-30, with Si-29 containing approximately 5% of silicon that causes this disruption through a process called ‘nuclear flip-flopping.’
Fortunately, University of Melbourne researchers may have solved this quantum computing problem with their creation of pure silicon that removes Si-29 and Si-30 altogether. As a result of developing pure silicon, these scientists were able to create a million cubits that can be engineered to be smaller than a pinhead.
Silicon as a Scientific Breakthrough
With this breakthrough, scientists employ the same techniques that created the electronic chips in regular computers for advanced quantum computing. Specifically, they can use these manufacturing techniques for silicon-based quantum devices to create qubits. Previously, PhD researcher Ravi Acharya stated that these silicon qubits had once been restrained. However, its pure-silicon variant would take away these restraints allowing for more advancements.
Due to its scalability and precise qubit fabrication, the engineered silicon is notable for revolutionizing quantum computing. While this development enhances the benefits of silicon-based quantum applications, it also transitions well with the semiconductor manufacturing processes still used today.
The Future of Silicon-Based Quantum Computing
The research team behind the discovery of the ultra-pure silicon was led by University of Manchester researcher, Richard Curry. Together, they were able to take one giant leap forward with their development of silicon-based quantum computers. Moreover, these advanced computers make a huge technological breakthrough as they can be used to process massive amounts of data.
Conclusion
This scientific breakthrough in quantum computing can lead to advancements in other fields such as weather forecasting, vaccine and medication design, and even artificial intelligence. Not only that, but these new advancements in quantum computing can help scientists by offering new approaches and solutions that address complex issues.
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